I started a thread on the doors and window forum about an exterior mounted garage door. But I was thinking SIPs might work. For a 10'x10' or 12'x12' I want to use an all glass overhead door, mounted as usual to the inside of an ICF structure, for passive solar. And when I need to block out the sun or undesirable temperatures close an exterior door. Would SIP panels work for the sliding exterior mounted door, like a barn door on a top mounted roller track?

Absolutely.
Standard sliding door hardware will work just fine.
Most of the big box stores carry National brand hardware.

Any ideas how I would get a sliding door to seal well? I picture having to have the door being held out while open and sliding and when closed having latches pull it in, to the opening.

The hanging trolleys are designed to allow the door to swing out for movement and in to lock up and seal. This movement is only an inch or so, but enough to allow for both.
One of the standard pieces of hardware for sliding doors is a latch set designed to pull the door snug against the framed opening. On a door of 10x10 or 12x12, you will probably need one on each side of the door opening to get a consistent seal all the way around the door. The bottom of the door will be the difficult area to seal. You may have to get creative to come up with a tight seal. (NO help from me on that one. Especially if you want to keep a smooth floor transition to the outside.)

I think if I have a lip or short steep ramp at the right spot I should be able to get the bottom. And it should be a relatively inexpensive door. I just don't know about opening and closing them twice a day, almost every day.